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Dilip Kumar (born 11 December 1922, as Muhammad Yusuf Khan) is an Indian film actor. He debuted as an actor in the movie Jwar Bhata (1944), produced by Bombay Talkies. He is known as Tragedy King,[1] and was described as "the ultimate method actor" by Satyajit Ray.[2] In a blog post, Amitabh Bachchan has described Dilip Kumar as the greatest actor ever.[3] Dilip Kumar's career has spanned six decades and over 60 films. Critics acclaimed him among one of the greatest actors in the history of Hindi cinema.[4][5][6][7] Dilip Kumar is the first actor to receive a Filmfare Best Actor Award (1954) and shares the record for the most number of Filmfare awards won for that category with Shahrukh Khan, (eight wins).[8]
The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Bhushan award in 1991 and the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1994 for his contributions towards Indian cinema and nominated him to Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian parliament for a term. He starred in films of a variety of genres such as the romantic Andaz (1949), the swashbuckling Aan (1952), the dramatic Devdas (1955), the comical Azaad (1955), the historical Mughal-e-Azam (1960) and the social Ganga Jamuna (1961).
In 1976, Dilip Kumar took a five-year break from film performances and returned with a character role in the film Kranti (1981) and continued his career playing character roles in films such as Shakti (1982), Karma (1986) and Saudagar (1991). His last film was Qila (1998). Dilip Kumar has acted with actress Vyjayanthimala the most, where they both had acted seven films together including the former's home production Gunga Jamuna resulting in great on-screen chemistry and an alleged affair between them.[9][10]
Early life[edit | edit source]
Dilip Kumar was born as Muhammad Yousuf Khan on 11 December 1922 in the Qissa Khawani Bazaar area of Peshawar, in what is now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. He was one of twelve children in a Pashtun[11][12] household that spoke Hindko language. His father, Lala Ghulam Sarwar, was a fruit merchant who owned orchards in Peshawar and Deolali (in Maharashtra, India). In the late 1930s, his family of 12 members relocated to Mumbai. Around 1940, Dilip Kumar left home for Pune where he started his career as a canteen owner and a dry fruit supplier. In 1943, actress Devika Rani, and her husband Himanshu Rai who owned Bombay Talkies spotted Dilip Kumar in Aundh military canteens Pune,[13] and cast him with a lead role in their film Jwar Bhata (1944), which marked Dilip Kumar's entry into the Bollywood film industry. Hindi author Bhagwati Charan Varma gave him the screen name Dilip Kumar.[14] He is one of the last surviving actors of Golden era.
Career[edit | edit source]
Dilip Kumar's first film Jwar Bhata (1944) went unnoticed, it was Jugnu (1947) in which he starred alongside Noor Jehan that became his first major hit at the box office. His next major hit was the 1948 film Shaheed (1948 film). He got his breakthrough role with Mehboob Khan's Andaz (1949) in which he starred alongside Raj Kapoor and Nargis in a love triangle story. He went on to have success in the 1950s with playing tragic roles in films like Jogan (1950), Deedar (1951), Daag (1952), Devdas (1955), Yahudi (1958) and Madhumati (1958). These films established his screen image as the "Tragedy King". He was the first actor to win the Filmfare Best Actor Award for Daag and went onto win it again for Devdas.[15] He formed popular on-screen pairings with many of the top actresses at the time including Nargis, Kamini Kaushal, Meena Kumari, Madhubala and Vyjanthimala.
In an attempt to shed his "tragedy king" image, Dilip Kumar took up his psychiatrist's suggestion that he take on lighthearted roles such as Aan (1952), his first film in technicolour in which he played a swashbuckling peasant. He has further success with lighter roles in Azaad (1955), Naya Daur (1957) and Kohinoor (1960) which won him the Filmfare Best Actor Award once again.[15] In 1960 he portrayed Prince Salim in K. Asif's big-budget historical film Mughal-e-Azam which as of 2008 was the second highest grossing film in Hindi film history.[16] The film told the story of Prince Salim who revolts against his father Akbar (played by Prithviraj Kapoor) and falls in love with a courtesan (played by Madhubala). The film was mostly shot in black and white with only the latter half of the film in colour. 44 years after its original release, it was fully colourized and re-released in 2004.
In 1961 he produced and starred in Ganga Jamuna in which he and his brother Nasir Khan played the title roles, this was the only film he produced. In 1962 British director David Lean offered him the role of "Sherif Ali" in his film Lawrence of Arabia (1962), but Dilip Kumar declined to perform in the movie.[17] The role eventually went to Omar Sharif, the Egyptian actor. His next film Leader (1964) was a below average grosser at the box office.[18] In 1967 Dilip Kumar played a dual role of twins separated at birth in the hit film Ram Aur Shyam. His career slumped in the 1970s with films like Dastaan (1972) and Bairaag (1976), the latter in which he played triple roles failing at the box office. He starred alongside his real-life wife Saira Banu in Gopi (1970), Bengali film Sagina Mahato (1970) and Bairaag (1976) but all three failed to do well at the box office.[19][20] He took a five-year hiatus from films from 1976 to 1981.[13]
In 1981, he returned to films with the multi-starrer Kranti which was the biggest hit of the year. Appearing alongside an ensemble cast including Manoj Kumar, Shashi Kapoor, Hema Malini and Shatrughan Sinha, he played the title role as a revolutionary fighting for India's independence from British rule.[21] He then formed a successful collaboration with Subhash Ghai starting with Vidhaata (1982) in which he plays an underworld don who tries to hide his lifestyle from his grandson Kunal (Sanjay Dutt). Later that year he played the father of Amitabh Bachchan in Ramesh Sippy's Shakti for which he won yet another Filmfare Award for Best Actor. In 1984 he starred in Yash Chopra's Mashaal and Ramesh Talwar's Duniya.
His second collaboration with Subhash Ghai came with the 1986 action film Karma. In this film, Kumar plays a jailor who hires three men to help him avenge his family's death by escaped terrorist Doctor Dang (played by Anupam Kher).[21] In 1991, he starred alongside veteran actor Raaj Kumar in Saudagar, his third and last film with Subhash Ghai. This was his second film with Raaj Kumar after 1959's Paigham. Saudagar was Kumar's last box office success and also his last film for several years.[22] In 1993 he won the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award. He was attached to make his directorial debut with a film titled Kalinga but the film was eventually shelved.[23]
In 1998 he made his last film appearance in Qila where he played dual roles as an evil landowner who is murdered and his twin brother who tries to find his killer. In 2001 he was set to appear in a film titled Asar - The Impact alongside Ajay Devgan which was also shelved.[24] His films Mughal-e-Azam and Naya Daur were fully colorized and re-released in 2004 and 2008 respectively.
Films refused[edit | edit source]
Dilip Kumar was very choosy, and turned down lead roles in many films which eventually were released to great box office success, including Lawrence of Arabia, Pyaasa, The Rains Came and Sangam.
Voices[edit | edit source]
During his Bollywood career, Dilip Kumar was most often voiced by Mohammed Rafi. Others who provided his voice were:
- Talat Mahmood
- Mukesh (until 1958), who was also the main voice of Dilip Kumar's competitor Raj Kapoor.
- Kishore Kumar was chosen to playback the song "Saala Main To Saab Bangaya" for the film Sagina (1974).
Public life[edit | edit source]
Dilip Kumar has been active in efforts to bring the people of India and Pakistan closer together. He was nominated a member of Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian parliament for a term.[13]
He was awarded the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1994. In 1998 he was awarded the Nishan-e-Imtiaz, the highest civilian award conferred by the government of Pakistan. He is the second Indian to receive the award. At the time of the Kargil War, Shiv Sena chief Bal Thackeray demanded Dilip Kumar return his Nishan-e-Imtiaz, citing "that country's blatant aggression on Indian soil."[25] Dilip Kumar refused, saying:
"This award was given to me for the humane activities to which I have dedicated myself. I have worked for the poor, I have worked for many years to bridge the cultural and communal gaps between India and Pakistan. Politics and religion have created these boundaries. I have striven to bring the two people together in whatever way I could. Tell me, what does any of this have to do with the Kargil conflict?"[26]
Personal life[edit | edit source]
Dilip Kumar was involved with actress Madhubala but they had to part ways as her family was opposed to their marriage. He married actress beauty queen Saira Banu Saira Banu who was two decades younger than him in 1966 when she was 22. He married a second time in 1980 to Asma but the marriage ended soon after.
Dilip Kumar on Twitter[edit | edit source]
Around 10 September 2011 it surfaced that the health of Dilip Kumar is worsening. Some incredible tweets even mistakenly spread news of his death.[27] Later Saira Banu made a public statement that the actor is in good health and in high spirits. Dilip Kumar launched his Twitter account. His first tweet was on his 89th Birthday.
Awards and Popularity[edit | edit source]
Dilip Kumar is widely considered to be one of the greatest actor in the history of Hindi cinema.[5][6][7] Kumar holds the Guinness World Record for winning the maximum number of awards by an Indian actor.[3][28] Shahrukh Khan said, "No one can copy him and idiots like me try to copy him."[29] He has received many awards throughout his career, including 8 Filmfare Best Actor awards and 19 Filmfare nominations.[30] He was honoured with the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 1993.[31]
Dilip Kumar was appointed Sheriff of Mumbai (an honorary position) in 1980,[31] the Government of India honored Kumar with the Padma Bhushan (a third highest civilian award) in 1991 and the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1994.[26][32] The Government of Andhra Pradesh honored Kumar with NTR National Award in 1997. The Government of Pakistan conferred Kumar with Nishan-e-Imtiaz (a highest civilian award in Pakistan) in 1997. He was honored with CNN-IBN Lifetime Achievement Award in 2009.
Filmography[edit | edit source]
| Year | Film | Role | Awards |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1944 | Jwar Bhata | Jagdish | |
| 1945 | Pratima | ||
| 1947 | Milan | Ramesh | |
| Jugnu | Sooraj | ||
| 1948 | Shaheed | Ram | |
| Nadiya Ke Paar | |||
| Mela | Mohan | ||
| Ghar Ki Izzat | Chanda | ||
| Anokha Pyar | Ashok | ||
| 1949 | Shabnam | Manoj | |
| Andaz | Dilip | ||
| 1950 | Jogan | Vijay | |
| Babul | Ashok | ||
| Arzoo | Badal | ||
| 1951 | Tarana | Motilal | |
| Hulchul | Kishore | ||
| Deedar | Shamu | ||
| 1952 | Sangdil | Shankar | |
| Daag | Shankar | Winner, Filmfare Best Actor Award | |
| Aan | Jai Tilak | ||
| 1953 | Shikast | Dr. Ram Singh | |
| Footpath | Noshu | ||
| 1954 | Amar | Amarnath | |
| 1955 | Udan Khatola | ||
| Insaniyat | Mangal | ||
| Devdas | Devdas | Winner, Filmfare Best Actor Award | |
| Azaad | Winner, Filmfare Best Actor Award | ||
| 1957 | Naya Daur | Shankar | Winner, Filmfare Best Actor Award |
| Musafir | |||
| 1958 | Yahudi | Prince Marcus | |
| Madhumati | Anand/Deven | Nomination, Filmfare Best Actor Award | |
| 1959 | Paigham | Ratan Lal | Nomination, Filmfare Best Actor Award |
| 1960 | Kohinoor | Winner, Filmfare Best Actor Award | |
| Mughal-E-Azam | Prince Salim | ||
| 1961 | Gunga Jumna | Gunga | Nomination, Filmfare Best Actor Award |
| 1964 | Leader | Vijay Khanna | Winner, Filmfare Best Actor Award |
| 1966 | Dil Diya Dard Liya | Shankar/Rajasaheb | Nomination, Filmfare Best Actor Award |
| 1967 | Ram Aur Shyam | Ram/Shyam (Dual Role) | Winner, Filmfare Best Actor Award |
| 1968 | Sunghursh | Nomination, Filmfare Best Actor Award | |
| Aadmi | Rajesh/ Raja Saheb | Nomination, Filmfare Best Actor Award | |
| 1970 | Sagina Mahato | Sagina | |
| Gopi | Gopi | Nomination, Filmfare Best Actor Award | |
| 1972 | Dastaan | Anil/Sunil (Dual Role) | |
| Anokha Milan | |||
| 1974 | Sagina | Nomination, Filmfare Best Actor Award | |
| Phir Kab Milogi | |||
| 1976 | Bairaag | Kailash/Bholenath/Sanjay (Triple Role) | Nomination, Filmfare Best Actor Award |
| 1981 | Kranti | Sanga/Kranti | |
| 1982 | Vidhaata | Shamsher Singh | |
| Shakti | Ashvini Kumar | Winner, Filmfare Best Actor Award | |
| 1983 | Mazdoor | Dinanath Saxena | |
| 1984 | Duniya | Mohan Kumar | |
| Mashaal | Vinod Kumar | Nomination, Filmfare Best Actor Award | |
| 1986 | Dharam Adhikari | ||
| Karma | Vishwanath Pratap Singh, alias Rana | ||
| 1989 | Kanoon Apna Apna | Collector Jagat Pratap Singh | |
| 1990 | Izzatdaar | Brahma Dutt | |
| Aag Ka Dariya | |||
| 1991 | Saudagar | Thakur Veer Singh | Nomination, Filmfare Best Actor Award |
| 1998 | Qila | Jaganath/Amarnath Singh (Dual Role) |
References[edit | edit source]
External links[edit | edit source]
Template:Dadasaheb Phalke Award Template:FilmfareBestActorAward Template:FilmfareLifetimeAchievementAward
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- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Template:Cite book
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Template:Cite book
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 A documentary on the life of Dilip Kumar. Bollywood Hungama. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ Template:Cite news
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- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ Template:Cite book
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Meghnad Desai, Baron Desai (2004), Nehru's hero Dilip Kumar in the life of India, Lotus Collection, Roli Books, ISBN 978-81-7436-311-4.
- ↑ Template:Cite book
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Template:Cite web
- ↑ All Time Grossers. Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ Box Office 1964. Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
- ↑ Box Office 1972. Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
- ↑ Box Office 1976. Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Top Earners 1980-1989 (Figures in Ind Rs). Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
- ↑ Top Lifetime Grossers 1990-1994 (Figures in Ind Rs). Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ http://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/2001/aug/14759.htm
- ↑ The Rediff Interview/ Dilip Kumar. Rediff. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 ANALYSIS: Dilip Kumar turns 88. Daily Times. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
- ↑ https://twitter.com/#!/shiekhspear/status/112492760149409793
- ↑ Kumar-Guinness-World-Records-TV-show.htm Dilip Kumar on TV show?. MID DAY.
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 Template:Cite news
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